Some of this information (family level) is stored in the raw tally data tab that’s hidden in the back end. Technically it’s something you shouldn’t be accessing but I know several firms have found their way in one way or another. I’ve heard closing out the excel file as it’s being built results in an unprotected workbook, but haven’t tried that myself.
As for getting this back into Revit - that part would be harder. From what I’ve seen poking around in revit and dynamo is that the Tally information is hidden from Revit. If you brought the excel output back into dynamo, you may be able to script a system that color codes families. I think you would only have “has materials applied” and “does not have materials applied” as the raw tally data doesn’t include the same stop light information. If you do this, I’d love to see a follow up post!